IOD Index: 1993-Present
Data source: Satellite sea level observations.
Credit: NASA MEaSUREs/PO.DAAC
Credit: NASA MEaSUREs/PO.DAAC
The Indian Ocean Dipole is a climate pattern affecting the Indian Ocean. During a positive phase, warm waters are pushed to the Western part of the Indian Ocean, while cold deep waters are brought up to the surface in the Eastern Indian Ocean. This pattern is reversed during the negative phase of the IOD.
Reference: Kumar et al., 2020